Poultry parasites
Poultry diseases are caused by different types of organisms namely –virus, fungi, bacteria and parasites. Diseases caused by parasites are often referred to as parasitic disease. Parasites are organisms that usually cannot live on their own but live on or inside other organisms known as host – parasites live and derive benefits from the host at the expense of the host. (Parasites relies on the host for feeding, shelter and other needs and in the process causes harm to the host which leads to poor health, eventually, death of the host.
In poultry farming, examples of the parasitic organisms that could harm the flock are –worms, mite, lies or protozoa. These parasites disrupt the health of the birds by damaging some tissues in the body or spreading toxins which weaken the immunity of the birds, thereby, leading to diseases with severe adverse effects.
Some poultry parasitic diseases are –
| SN | Disease/Agent | Symptoms | Transmission mode | Prevention |
| 1 | Coccidiosis (caused by the protozoa Eimeria which invades the intestine of the bird) | Bloody diarrheaWeight lossWeight loss | 1. Contaminated droppings | 1. Maintain clean and dry poultry house. 2. Routine screening of the poultry house for early detection of the harmful organism |
| 2 | Round worm (Ascarids) | 1. Loss of weight 2. Digestive blockage | 1. Ingestion of infected droppings | 1. Clean and dry poultry house 2. Deworming of the birds |
| 3 | Tape worm (Found usually in the trachea of the birds) | 1. Difficulty in breathing 2. Coughing 3. Shaking of the head | Slug, earthworms and snail | 1.Routine screening of the poultry house |
How to prevent parasitic diseases among the flock
Preventing parasitic diseases is essential in maintaining a healthy and productive flock that will help the farmer optimize profitability on the farm operations. On a general note, parasitic diseases can be prevented through the following –
- Strong biosecurity practice on the farm
- Routine screening for early detection of the parasite
- Maintaining clean and dry beddings for the birds
- Giving preventive treatment (like deworming) responsibly to the birds
- Immediate isolation of infected birds
Read more on poultry diseases –
https://poultrygist.com.ng/2024/11/poultry-fungi-diseases/
https://poultrygist.com.ng/2024/10/poultry-bacterial-diseases/
https://poultrygist.com.ng/2024/10/viral-poultry-diseases/
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Conclusion –
Parasitic disease among the flock is a significant threat to the health and productivity of birds. Therefore it must be promptly and properly managed. Early detection, good sanitation practices and regular preventive procedures on the farm are essential for effective control of the parasites.
As a poultry farmer, staying informed and proactive are keys to protecting your flock, as well as, ensure sustainable production
Cheers
